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# Selection of commonly used special characters in different character sets

This page contains an overview of commonly used special characters. The characters appear in different categories ordered by reasonable topics.

The tables show the ASCII number (if applicable) in decimal, the UNICODE number in hexadecimal, the HTML Code as entity or UNICODE reference and a possible call in LaTex code.

Keep in mind, that this is a hand made selection of symbols and characters. If you think something is missing do not hesitate to post a comment. We are happy to keep this page up to date.

Also take a look at the ASCII Table.

Hint

You can type special characters on you keyboard easily. Use ALT+ on your keyboard to print a symbol. Use the Numpad to type in the number and type a decimal number. Keep pressing ALT-key while typing in the number and release ALT-key when you finished typing the number.

## Mathematics

Special characters that are used in mathematics. Operators, calculations and identifiers.

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
Infinity-U+221E&infin;
&x221E;
\inftyUncountable, Capsized 8 Eight
&x221A;
Sum-U+2211&sum;
&x2211;
\sumCapital Sigma for summing up
Partial Differential-U+2202&part;
&x2202;
\partialupside down six 6, partial derivation deduction for example second paramter y
Universal Quantifier-U+2200&forall;
&x2200;
\forallFor all. Upside down A.
Existential Quantifier-U+2203&exist;
&x2203;
\existsIt exists. Inversed E
Integral-U+222B&int;
&x222B;
\intAntiderivative, large S
Per Mille-U+2030&permil;
&x2030;
\permil or \textperthousandPer thousand, known for alcohol level
½Fraction one half-U+00BD&frac12;
&x00BD;
\textonehalf or fractions in general: \frac{1}{2}1 One divided by 2 two. Decimal fraction symbol.
¼Fraction one quarter-U+00BC&frac14;
&x00BC;
\textonequarter or fractions in general: \frac{1}{4}1 One divided by 4 four as a decimal fraction.
¾Fraction Three Quarter-U+00BE&frac34;
&x00BE;
\textthreequarters or fractions in general: \frac{3}{4}3 Three divided by 4 four in a decimal fraction.

## Operators

Logical and algebraic operators

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
<lower than60U+003C&lt;
&x003C;
\textless or < in mathmodeSymbol for marking smaller than or lower than. Capsized v opening to the right.
>greater than63U+003E&gt;
&x003E;
\textgreater or > in mathmodeSymbol for showin greater than or larger than. Capsized v opening to the left.
less than or equal-U+2264&le;
&x2264;
\leqSpecial Character for less than or equal or lower than or equal.
greater than or equal-U+2265&ge;
&x2265;
\geqSymbol for greater than or equal.
not equal-U+2260&ne;
&x2260;
\neqnon-equal, nonequality, commonly known as !=
almost equal-U+2248&asymp;
&x2248;
\approxAsymptotic, Approximal, Almost equal, two waves
Identity, Identical-U+2261&equiv;
&x2261;
\equivEquivalent, strong Equals, three stripes
&Ampersand38U+0026&amp;
&x0026;
\& or \withalso known for: logical and bitwise and in many programming languages
±Plusminus-U+00B1&plusmn;
&x00B1;
\pmPlus and Minus in one Character written in vertical order.

## Phyiscs

Special Characters used in Physics.

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
almost equal-U+2248&asymp;
&x2248;
\approxAsymptotic, Approximal, Almost equal, two waves
λLambda-U+039B&lambda;
&x039B;
\lambdaGreek character lambda. Used for wavelength in physics.
ωlowercase omega-U+03C9&omega;
&x03C9;
\omega or \textomegalower case Greek letter omega. Used for radial frequency, angular frequency, circuit frequency, circular frequency in physics.
ΩCapital Omega-U+937&Omega;
&x937;
\ohm or \Omega or \textscomega or \UpomegaKnown for Ohm resistance in Physics. Greek letter.

## Currencies

Special Characters from the category currency, trade, commerce and money

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
Euro-U+20AC&euro;
&x20AC;
\euroCurrency symbol for money represented as Euro
$Dollar36U+0024&dollar; &x0024; \$Currency symbol for money represented as Dollar
£Pound-U+00A3&pound;
&x00A3;
\poundsCurrency British Great Britain money
¢Cent-U+00A2&cent;
&x00A2;
\cent or \textcent or \textcentoldstyleDollar-Cent Character
¥Yen-U+00A5&yen;
&x00A5;
\textyenJapanese currency Yen, Money

## Punctuation marks

Special punctuation marks that are not easy to find on a keyboard

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
¿Inversed Question Mark-U+00BF&iquest;
&x00BF;
\textquestiondownSpanish question mark, reversed upside down inverted
single guillemet left-U+2039&lsaquo;
&x2039;
\guilsinglleftopening French quotation mark
single guillemet right-U+203A&rsaquo;
&x203A;
\guilsinglrightclosing French quotation mark right closing
«double guillemets left-U+00AB&laquo;
&x00AB;
\guillemotleftDouble French quotation mark opening
»double guillemets right-U+00BB&raquo;
&x00BB;
\guillemotrightDouble French quotation mark closing
Three dots-U+2026&8230;
&x2026;
\dotsb, \dotsc, \dotsi3 Three small dots, horizontal ellipsis

## Set Theory

Special Characters used in the Set Theory

Character Name ASCII
(Dec)
Unicode
(Hex)
HTML Latex Description
Union-U+222A&cup;
&x222A;
\cupUnion in the set theory, looks like a cup
Section-U+2229&cap;
&x2229;
\capIntersection between to sets. Looks like a cap.
(Real) Subset-U+2282&sub;
&x2282;
\subsetCapsized U open to the right
(Real) Subset (left)-U+2283&sup;
&x2283;
\supsetCapsized U open to the left
Is element-U+2208&isin;
&x2208;
\inA is element of B where A is element and B is a set. Looks like a small e or Euro with only one horizontal bar.
not element of-U+2209&notin;
&x2209;
\notinElement A is not in B, B is a set. small e
Universal Quantifier-U+2200&forall;
&x2200;
\forallFor all. Upside down A.
Existential Quantifier-U+2203&exist;
&x2203;
\existsIt exists. Inversed E
Inversed is element-U+220B&ni;
&x220B;
\niA is Element of B, B is set. small inversed e

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